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小林 泰彦
Foods & Food Ingredients Journal of Japan, 220(1), p.52 - 63, 2015/02
Food irradiation is a technology to treat foods with ionizing radiation such as -rays and electron beams to improve the safety and extends the shelf life of foods by reducing or eliminating microorganisms and insects, and by prevention of sprouting. Food irradiated with ionizing radiation is named "irradiated food". Many international organizations have approved the safety and usefulness of food irradiation. Ionizing radiation can treat packaged foods and fresh and/or frozen products, and effectively and uniformly treat all portions of foods. Food irradiation is an environmentally friendly technology without usage of chemicals and contributes to the solution of food security and food sanitary problems, especially reducing post-harvest losses of foods and controlling food borne illness, as an alternative to chemical fumigation with ethylene oxide and methyl bromide gasses. Japan has a 50 years history of food irradiation research. The "Japanese Research Association for Food Irradiation" was launched in 1965. It was legally authorized to irradiate potatoes for preventing germination in 1972 and since 1974 irradiated potatoes have been shipped from the Shihoro-cho Agricultural Cooperative Association in Hokkaido. Recently, commercial food irradiation has increased significantly in Asia, however, Japan is now far behind other countries and it is called a "food irradiation underdeveloped country". To break through the current backward situation, this paper introduces the latest and objective facts related to food irradiation based on scientific data.
伊藤 均
放射線と産業, (82), p.54 - 56, 1999/06
ICGFI(国際食品照射諮問グループ)はWHO,FAO,IAEAの共同プロジェクトであり、食品照射の国際的な普及活動を行ってきている。第15回ICGFI年次総会は1998年10月にウィーンで開催された25ヵ国の代表及びオブザバー50名が参加した。ICGFIは照射食品の健全性評価及び植物検疫への放射線利用に取りくんでいる。1997年にWHOは10kGy以上の高線量照射食品についても安全宣言を行い国際規格に入れるための作業が行われている。植物検疫では臭化メチル代替法としての放射線処理の規格が米国で公布され、多くの国が同調しようとしている。米国と欧州連合は2000年で臭化メチルの全面禁止を決定しており日本の姿勢は問題にされそうである。米国では年間約4万トンの食品が照射されており、中国5万トン、フランス2万トン、オランダ2万トンと各国で食品照射の実用化が着実に進展している。